Summer Intimate Infections: Vaginal Yeast and Over-the-Counter Treatments

You come back from the beach after a full day in a damp swimsuit, treat yourself to a shower — and by the next morning it appears: that persistent itch that just won't quit. Add a burning sensation, discomfort, and discharge that looks different from usual. Suddenly the holiday mood gives way to one thought on repeat: "what's happening and how do I sort this quickly?"

Intimate infections are still a topic people discuss in hushed tones — which is a shame, because they affect the majority of women at least once in their lives, and many of us deal with them regularly. In summer they flare up even more often. The tricky part is that similar symptoms can have different underlying causes, and the two most common — vaginal yeast infection (candidiasis) and bacterial vaginosis — require completely different approaches.

This article cuts straight to the point: how a yeast infection differs from bacterial vaginosis, why summer makes them more likely, which over-the-counter (OTC) products work for which condition, and — most importantly — when self-treatment isn't enough and you need to see a doctor. Practical, clear, and without unnecessary alarm.

Vaginal Yeast vs Bacterial Vaginosis — They Are Two Different Things

Let's start with the most important distinction, because everything else depends on it. Although both conditions affect the same area and both cause discomfort, they have entirely different causes — and are treated differently.

What Is a Vaginal Yeast Infection (Candidiasis)?

A vaginal yeast infection, or candidiasis, is an infection caused by Candida yeast. These yeasts are naturally present in small numbers in the intimate area — problems start when the balance is disrupted and they begin to overgrow.

The most characteristic symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection are:

• Intense itching — often troublesome, tending to worsen in the evening; frequently the first and most disruptive sign.
• Thick, white, "cottage cheese" discharge — a curd-like texture, usually odourless or very mildly scented.
• Burning and redness — the intimate area may feel irritated, swollen, and sensitive.
• Discomfort when urinating — a result of irritation to the delicate mucous membranes.

What Is Bacterial Vaginosis?

Bacterial vaginosis is something different — it is a disruption of the vaginal microbiome, in which the beneficial lactic-acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) decline and other bacteria take over. It is not a "classic yeast infection" — the mechanism is entirely different.

The symptoms of bacterial vaginosis typically look like this:

• A distinctive unpleasant odour — often described as "fishy," which may intensify after intercourse.
• Grey or greyish-white, watery discharge — more fluid and uniform than in a yeast infection.
• Itching and burning may be present, but are usually milder than in candidiasis — in some women symptoms are barely noticeable at all.

The Simplest Way to Tell Them Apart

Although only a gynaecological examination gives certainty, a few features often allow a reasonable preliminary assessment:

• Vaginal yeast infection (candidiasis) — intense itching dominates, with thick, white, cottage-cheese-like discharge; odour is usually mild or absent.
• Bacterial vaginosis — an unpleasant fishy odour and grey, watery discharge are the main features; itching tends to be less severe.

This distinction matters a great deal in practice. over-the-counter antifungal products (such as clotrimazole or natamycin) act on yeast — but will not work for bacterial vaginosis, because that is not a yeast-based infection. Reaching for the wrong product without being sure of the cause is a waste of time and money, and can cause additional irritation.

What About Other Causes?

It is worth remembering that itching, burning, or unusual discharge in the intimate area can have other causes besides these two most common ones — for example contact irritation (from a new soap, panty liner, or hair removal), an allergic reaction, or other infections that need medical assessment. So if symptoms are atypical or unclear, there is no point in guessing — it is better to see a specialist.

Why Do Intimate Infections Occur More Often in Summer?

Summer is "season" for intimate infections for many women — and that is no coincidence. Several factors often come together at the same time.

Moisture, Heat, and a Wet Swimsuit

Candida yeast, like many microorganisms, thrives in warm and moist conditions. And summer provides an abundance of both:

• A wet swimsuit — spending hours in a damp costume after leaving the water creates the perfect warm, humid environment.
• Heat and sweating — high temperatures encourage moisture to build up in the intimate area.
• Tight, synthetic underwear and clothing — traps heat and holds moisture against the skin.

Swimming Pools, Hot Tubs, and Baths

Spending long periods in water — especially the warm water of pools or hot tubs — and then staying in a wet swimsuit can disturb the natural balance of the intimate area. This does not mean giving up swimming; simply change into dry clothing as quickly as possible after getting out of the water.

Antibiotics, Sugar, and Other Factors

Summer also brings more infections, air-conditioning colds, and other ailments for which antibiotics are sometimes prescribed. And that is a significant lead:

• Antibiotic therapy — antibiotics eliminate not only harmful bacteria but also the beneficial lactic-acid organisms, which can open the door to yeast overgrowth.
• High sugar intake in the diet — holiday ice creams, sugary drinks, and desserts; yeast "love" sugar, so excess of it can fuel their growth.
• Hormonal fluctuations — linked to the menstrual cycle or pregnancy — also influence the balance of the vaginal microbiome.
• Stress and fatigue — weaken the body and its natural defences.

As you can see, summer can stack several of these factors at once — which is why intimate infections are particularly common during the holidays.

Over-the-Counter Products — What Works for What?

Some intimate infections — particularly a recurrent, previously diagnosed yeast infection with typical symptoms — can be managed with products available from a pharmacy without a prescription. The key is to match the product to the type of problem. Here are the most important categories.

Antifungal Products — For Vaginal Yeast Infections

These are the foundation of candidiasis treatment. Antifungal agents act on Candida yeast and come in several forms:

• Clotrimazole — one of the most widely used antifungal agents, available as vaginal pessaries (tablets) and a cream. Pessaries are inserted into the vagina (often in the evening before sleep), while the cream can be applied to the external area to relieve itching and irritation.
• Natamycin — another antifungal agent available as vaginal pessaries, also used for candidiasis.

Treatment schedules vary — from a single large-dose application to a multi-day course. Always read the leaflet for the specific product and use it according to the recommended dosage and duration. If you are unsure which product or form to choose, ask a pharmacist.

Lactic Acid and Lactobacillus Products

The natural vaginal microbiome relies on Lactobacillus bacteria, which maintain the correct mildly acidic environment. After an infection, an antifungal course, or antibiotic therapy, this balance can be disrupted. These products can help:

• Vaginal pessaries and gels with lactic acid — help restore and maintain a healthy intimate pH.
• Products containing Lactobacillus bacteria — supply beneficial bacteria to support the rebuilding of natural microflora.

These products are typically used as a complement — support after an infection or during or after antibiotic therapy — rather than as standalone treatment for an active infection.

Gynaecological Probiotics

Gynaecological probiotics are preparations containing selected bacterial strains designed to support the natural vaginal microbiome. They come in oral form (capsules) and in vaginal form. They are sometimes used as a supportive measure — for example in women who experience recurrences — to help maintain microbiome balance. It is important to understand that they provide preventive and complementary support, not a replacement for treating a confirmed infection.

What Over-the-Counter Products Cannot Do

It is important to have realistic expectations:

• Bacterial vaginosis usually requires a different approach to antifungal products and often a doctor's consultation — an over-the-counter antifungal will not treat it.
• A first-ever infection with unclear symptoms should be diagnosed by a doctor first — only then will you know what you are actually treating.
• Atypical symptoms (pain, fever, bleeding, ulcers) are a signal to see a doctor, not to experiment on your own.

Intimate Hygiene — What to Avoid and What to Do

Contrary to popular belief, when it comes to intimate hygiene, "more and stronger" usually causes harm. Over-zealous or too aggressive hygiene can disrupt the natural balance and actually promote infections.

What to Avoid

• Vaginal douching or rinsing — the vagina is self-cleaning; "flushing it out" disrupts natural microflora and tends to be counterproductive.
• Harsh soaps and heavily fragranced products — ordinary soap or heavily perfumed cosmetics can irritate and disrupt pH. Choose gentle products specifically designed for intimate hygiene.
• Tight, synthetic underwear — does not breathe and traps moisture. Breathable underwear made from natural fibres (such as cotton) is a better choice.
• Staying in a wet swimsuit for a long time — change into dry clothing as quickly as possible after swimming.
• Wearing panty liners continuously in sensitive individuals — in some women constant wear promotes moisture and irritation.

What Is Worth Doing

• Gentle daily hygiene — washing the external area with lukewarm water and a gentle intimate hygiene product.
• Thorough drying — after bathing and showering, before putting on underwear.
• Breathable clothing in summer — looser garments allow the skin to "breathe."
• Hygiene adapted to your cycle — regular changing of pads and tampons.
• Wiping front to back — a simple habit that reduces the spread of microorganisms.

What About a Partner?

This question comes up very often. Vaginal yeast infection is not a classic sexually transmitted infection, but the partner question can be relevant — especially with recurrent infections.

• With recurrent infections it is worth raising the topic with a doctor — sometimes they recommend a course of action that includes the partner, if the partner has symptoms (such as redness or itching).
• During an active infection and treatment many women choose to take a break from sexual activity — this is a matter of comfort and avoiding additional irritation.
• Any decision about treating a partner is best made after consulting a doctor, not "just in case."

The key point: if infections keep returning despite treatment, that is a signal to look into the matter with a specialist — not a reason for embarrassment.

When You Should Definitely See a Doctor

Some women with a previously confirmed, typical yeast infection manage a single recurrence with over-the-counter products. There are situations, however, where a visit to the doctor is genuinely important — and not worth putting off.

• It is your first infection of this kind — if you have never had similar symptoms before and do not know what you are dealing with, you need a diagnosis first.
• You are pregnant or breastfeeding — during this period do not self-treat; always agree on a course of action with your doctor.
• Infections recur frequently — for example four or more times a year; frequent recurrences require investigation into the underlying cause.
• Fever, lower abdominal pain, or pain in the intimate area appears — symptoms that must not be ignored.
• Atypical symptoms occur — bleeding between periods, ulcers, blisters, unusual colouring, or a very unpleasant discharge odour.
• No improvement despite treatment — if symptoms do not ease or worsen after using a product as directed on the leaflet.
• You suspect bacterial vaginosis (fishy odour, grey discharge) — a different approach is usually needed here than antifungal products.
• You have a chronic condition or reduced immunity (such as diabetes) — in those cases it is better to consult a doctor for any infection.

Seeing a doctor is not a sign of "failing" at self-treatment — it is the sensible step that tells you what you are actually treating and saves you from guessing in the dark.

Frequently Asked Questions

How Do I Tell a Vaginal Yeast Infection Apart from Bacterial Vaginosis?

The simplest way is by two features: with a yeast infection (candidiasis) the dominant sign is intense itching and thick, white, cottage-cheese-like discharge that is mildly scented. With bacterial vaginosis the main feature is an unpleasant fishy odour and grey, watery discharge, while itching tends to be less severe. This distinction matters because antifungal products act on yeast but not on bacterial vaginosis. Only a gynaecological examination gives certainty.

Will Clotrimazole Help with Any Intimate Infection?

No. Clotrimazole is an antifungal — it works on vaginal yeast infections (candidiasis) but will not treat bacterial vaginosis or other non-fungal conditions. That is why it is so important to first get a sense of what you are dealing with, and for a first-ever infection or unclear symptoms, to consult a doctor before reaching for a product.

Can I Use Over-the-Counter Products for Yeast During Pregnancy?

During pregnancy and breastfeeding you should not self-treat intimate-area conditions. Some substances have restrictions during this period, and symptoms should always be discussed with your doctor or midwife, who will recommend a safe course of action. This is one of those cases where self-treatment is firmly off the table.

Do Gynaecological Probiotics Prevent Recurrences?

Gynaecological probiotics and lactic acid products can support the rebuilding and maintenance of healthy vaginal microflora, which is why they are sometimes used as a supplementary measure — for example after antibiotic therapy or in women prone to recurrences. However, treat them as preventive support, not as a guarantee or substitute for treating a confirmed infection. If you have frequent recurrences, consult a gynaecologist.

Why Do I Keep Getting Intimate Infections in Summer?

Because summer stacks several contributing factors at once: heat and moisture, long periods in a wet swimsuit, pools and hot tubs, tight synthetic clothing, more sugar in the diet, and sometimes antibiotic therapy following a summer illness. All of this can disrupt the natural intimate balance. Simple prevention helps — changing quickly into dry clothing and wearing breathable underwear.

Does My Partner Need to Be Treated?

Vaginal yeast infection is not a classic sexually transmitted infection, so routine "treatment just in case" for a partner is usually unnecessary. With recurrent infections, or if the partner has symptoms, it is best to decide on a course of action after consulting a doctor.

Summary

✅ Vaginal yeast infection and bacterial vaginosis are two different conditions — candidiasis is a yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis is a bacterial imbalance; they are treated differently.

✅ Itching and thick, white, cottage-cheese discharge point more to a yeast infection, while a fishy odour and grey discharge suggest bacterial vaginosis.

✅ Summer favours intimate infections — a wet swimsuit, heat, pools, antibiotics, and more dietary sugar all disrupt the natural balance.

✅ over-the-counter antifungal products (clotrimazole, natamycin — pessaries and cream) act on yeast infections but not on bacterial vaginosis.

✅ Lactic acid, Lactobacillus products, and gynaecological probiotics support microbiome rebuilding — they are complementary, not a treatment for an active infection.

✅ Less is more — avoid douching, harsh soaps, and synthetic underwear; choose gentle hygiene, breathable clothing, and quick changes out of wet swimwear.

✅ See a doctor if this is your first infection, you are pregnant, infections recur (more than four times a year), fever, pain, atypical symptoms, or no improvement on treatment appear — it is not a failure, it is the sensible move.

Disclaimer

This information is purely educational and does not replace consultation with a doctor, gynaecologist, or pharmacist. For a first-ever infection, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, with recurrences, fever, pain, or atypical symptoms, please consult a doctor. Before using any product, read the leaflet and follow the recommended dosage and treatment duration. Do not self-treat if you are unsure of the cause.

And one final thought: when you are putting together your summer health essentials — antifungal pessaries or cream, a lactic acid product, a gynaecological probiotic, a gentle intimate wash, plus anything else you need for the season — you do not have to buy everything at the first pharmacy you find. With CheaperForDrug you put your whole basket into the comparison tool and with one click you can see exactly what it costs across 100+ pharmacies. Because real savings come from comparing a whole basket, not a single pack. Have a comfortable summer — that is what we wish you.